The Ming Dynasty’s failures included late-period political corruption, eunuch dominance (e.g., Wei Zhongxian), fierce factional struggles (Donglin Party disputes), worsening financial crises (heavy taxes, empty treasury), military defeats (the rise of Jurchens in Liaodong, defeat at the Battle of Sarhu), and frequent peasant uprisings (led by Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong), ultimately collapsing to the Qing dynasty.